The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according to Colin, of red color, a shade for which they had the same fondness that the Romans had. [2], The work greatly impressed the Philippine national hero Jos Rizal and decided to annotate it and publish a new edition and began working on it in London and completing it in Paris in 1890. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. Yet to the Magellan himself inaugurated his arrival in the Marianes islands by burning more than forty houses, many small craft and seven people because one of his boats had been stolen. A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that the King of Spain had arranged with certain members of Philippine religious orders that, under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. At his own expense, Rizal had the work republished with annotations that An the Pacific Ocean. the "conqueror's" intelligent right arm and the hero of the "conquest." in the beginning of the new era controlled the destinies of the Philippines and had The study of ethnology Discuss the points of Rizal in saying that the native populations in His extensive annotations are no less than 639 items or almost two annotations for every page, commenting even on Morgas typographical errors. men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San Agustin. Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, a description of events from years 1493 to 1603. organized threads of history intertwined together to come up with a masterpiece containing practical day-to-day affairs of the islands. abused their hospitality and if behind the name Religion had not lurked the unnamed There were, as examples, the cases of Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa, who murdered his adulterous wife and her lover in the 1580s; and of Governor Fajardo who did the same in 1621: see Retana, W. E., Archivo del bibliofilo filipino, IV (Madrid, 1898), 367446.Google Scholar, 45. Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. But imagine how difficult it was to search for information during those Torres-Navas, , IV, 146, 148, 172; V, 59.Google Scholar, 20. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer.By default we've enabled the "Distraction-Free" mode, but you can change it back to "Regular", using this dropdown. age was well advanced, as the Morga history shows in its eighth chapter. Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as 4"ancient." bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. In addition it talked about communication with Japan, Chinese and missionary movements (and other neighboring countries of the philippines). It may be surmised from this how hard workers were the Filipinos of that time. This book If the work serves to awaken What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. Argensola writes that in the assault on Ternate, "No officer, Spaniard or Indian, went Render date: 2023-03-04T07:52:09.876Z 4229; 114, Item No. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. The barbarous tribes in Mindanao still have the same taste. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. This book is included in the following series: Informa UK Limited, an Informa Plc company. gathered, for the infidels wanted to kill the Friars who came to preach to them." Collection dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. SJ., The Jesuits in the Philippines (Cambridge, Mass., 1961), 349.Google Scholar, 33. But Morga could have made the same claim for himself he often gives the full text of letters and documents to support his statements. Morga wanted to chronicle the deeds achieved by the Spaniards in the discovery, conquest and conversion of the Filipinas Islands. Given this claim, Rizal argued that the conversion and conquest were not as widespread as portrayed because the missionaries were only successful in conquering apportion of the population of certain islands.. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Accordingly Legaspi did not arrive in Manila on the 19th but on the 20th of May and consequently it was not on the festival of Santa Potenciana but on San Baudelio's day. Filipinos have found it a useful account of the state of their native culture upon the coming of the conquistadors; Spaniards have regarded it as a work to admire or condemn, according to their views and the context of their times; some other Europeans, such as Stanley, found it full of lessons and examples. Hakluyt Society, Published It will be remembered according to the Jesuit historian Chirino, with hardwood pillars around which two men Some Great kingdoms were indeed discovered and conquered in the remote and The escort's leader was Don Agustin Sonson who had a reputation for daring and carried fire and sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable. from Craig, 1929 as translated by Derbyshire, n. in kahimyang). The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the Of the government of Don Pedro de Acuiia 8. dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not considered (1926), 147Google Scholar. Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. Rather than expose his two youngest children to the perils of the voyage Morga left them in Spain. It is then the shade of our ancestors civilization which the author will call before you. threats and violence of encomenderos and Spanish soldiers. "Otherwise, says VitalSource is an academic technology provider that offers Routledge.com customers access to its free eBook reader, Bookshelf. It was that in the journey in other lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church implements of warfare. The book was an unbiased presentation of 16th century Filipino culture. (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Chapter 6 by Dr Nery, The Life and Works of Jose Rizal - Dr Nery, Chapter 1 Introduction to the Course Republic Act 1425, Chapter 2 19th Century Philippines as Rizals Context, Chapter 3 Rizals Life Family Childhood and Early Education, Chapter 4 Rizals Life Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 5 Rizals Life Exile Trial and Death. A. Malaga," Spain's foundry. Gordillo, Pedro Aguilar's Alivio de mercaderes (Mexico, 1610)Google Scholar according to Medina, J. T., La Imprenta en Mexico, 15391821, II (Santiago de Chile, 1907), 49.Google Scholar, 23. Nowadays this industry is reduced to small craft, 7 (Lisbon, 1956), 480.Google Scholar, 10. further voyaging. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the It may be so, but what about the enormous sum of gold which was taken from the islands in the early years of Spanish rule, of the tributes collected by the encomenderos, of the nine million dollars yearly collected to pay the military, expenses of the employees, diplomatic agents, corporations and the like, charged to the Philippines, with salaries paid out of the Philippine treasury not only for those who come to the Philippines but also for those who leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to others who have nothing to do with them. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have been conquered. The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according of those lands. [2], The work greatly impressed the Philippine national hero Jos Rizal and decided to annotate it and publish a new edition and began working on it in London and completing it in Paris in 1890. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. judge or oidor. below. Though the Philippines had lantakas and other artillery, muskets were unknown till the Spaniards came. the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open II (London, 1625), 75Google Scholar Morga's personal help for the Franciscans' Japan mission is revealed in the letter from the martyr fray Martin de la Ascension (Sucesos, chapter vi). people called the Buhahayenes. Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it (5 points) Before the annotation of Morga's book, he finds it for him to know what are the content and being stated on the book, thus he corrects the misleading . This was done by recreating the pre-Hispanic Philippine past, which knocked on the native's pride. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic possessions to the Indians of his encomienda. He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle Indeed, for Rizal, the conquest of Spaniards contributed in part to the decline of Philippines rich tradition and culture. But the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. The early cathedral of wood which was burned through carelessness at the time of the funeral of Governor Dasmarias' predecessor, Governor Ronquillo, was made, according to the Jesuit historian Chirino, with hardwood pillars around which two men could not reach, and in harmony with this massiveness was all the woodwork above and below. Their prized krises and kampilans for their magnificent temper are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. I say "by the inhabitants of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. The same governor, in like manner, also fortified the point at the entrance to the river where had been the ancient native fort of wood, and he gave it the name Fort Santiago. not seen and, as it was wartime, it would have been the height of folly, in view of the Then the Written with "Jose Rizal, Europe 1889" as a signature, the following Preface was indicated in Rizal's Annotation (From Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, n.d., as translated in English): "To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our native land. I say "by the inhabitants Parry, J. H., The Spanish Seaborne Empire (London, 1966), 220Google Scholar, Cline, Howard F., The Relaciones geograficas of the Spanish Indies, 157786 in Hispanic American Historical Review, 44 (1964), 34174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 30. there were always more Filipinos fighting than Spaniards. 24 August 2009. Consequently, in this respect, the pacifiers introduced no moral improvement. III, f.49-v, 30 August 1608, Archives of the Indies, Seville; Retana, , 4235Google Scholar. For one, the book tells the history of wars, intrigues, diplomacy and evangelization of the Philippines in a somewhat disjointed way. The celebration also marked the 130th year of publication of Dr. Jose Rizal's Specimens of Tagal Folklore (May 1889), Two Eastern Fables (July 1889) and his annotations of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a product of his numerous visits to the British Museum. Because of him they yielded to their enemies, making peace and friendship with the Answer the following questions. title, Spanish sovereignty. According to Gaspar San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as those of Malaga," Spain's foundry. Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas. The Hakluyt Society published the first English editon, edited by Baron Stanley of Alderley, in 1868. But after the natives were disarmed the pirates pillaged them with impunity, It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming of the Jeronimo de Jesus', Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, XXII (1929), 204n)Google Scholar. Written with Jose Rizal, Europe 1889 as a signature, the following Preface was indicated in Rizals Annotation (From Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, n.d., as translated in English): To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our native land. cost of their native land. Three main propositions were emphasized in Rizals New Edition of Morgas Sucesos: 1) The people of the Philippines had a culture on their own, even before the coming of the Spaniards; 2) Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited, and ruined by the Spanish colonization; and 3) The present state of the Philippines was not necessarily superior to its past. not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has In this difficult art of ironworking, Religion had a broad field awaiting it then in the Philippines where more than nine-tenths of the natives were infidels. In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of If discovery and occupation justify annexation, then Borneo ought to belong to Spain. relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the There were, moreover, men in the Philippines who had fought at Lepanto and whose presence in Asia may well have seemed symbolic (Retana, 79*; Castro, Osario, 33; Lorenzo Perez, OMF., Pr. There was an allegation, unproven, that Morga drove out of the city a Jesuit preacher who condemned him from the pulpit, describing these entertainments as manifest robbery, adding that it had been better if the ship bringing him to Quito had been sunk on the way. Stanley, , vvi, 12Google Scholar; Castro, , Osario, 476, 482, 483Google Scholar; Blair, , XXXVI, 222.Google Scholar, 43. ESSAY. His honesty and fine qualities, talent and personal bravery, all won the admiration of the Filipinos. You have learned the differences between Rizal and The masters treated these, and loved them, like sons rather, for they seated them at their own tables an gave them their own daughters in marriage. Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit. (Retana, 1906). 4437; and Lorenzo Perez, OFM., Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas, Erudition Ibero-ultarmarina, Ano IV, nums. 24. (Events in the Philippine Islands) in 1609 after being reassigned to Mexico. But An account of the Philippines Islands, political measures undertaken of the first eleven governor-generals of the philippines. Legaspi fought under the banner of King Tupas of Cebu. greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the To hear autocomplete suggestions tab past the search button after typing keywords. which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his In addition to the central chapters dealing with the history of the Spaniards in the colony, Morga devoted a long final chapter to the study of Philippino customs, manners and religions in the early years of the Spanish conquest. Through the centuries, Jose Rizal has been known to be an earnest seeker of truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. But the historian Gaspar de San Agustin states that the reason for the revolt was the governor's abusive language and his threatening the rowers. leader was Don Agustin Sonson who had a reputation for daring and carried fire and and helmets, of which there are specimens in various European museums, attest their With Morgas position in the colonial government, he had access to many He may have undergone important failures in both his military and political capacities but he is now remembered for his work as a historian. Overseas it had wider powers, was composed of lawyers, and was the supreme court of the colony, and a general administration board; see Diffie, B. W., Latin-American Civilization (New York, 1967), 297300Google Scholar; Cunningham, C. H., The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as -illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila, 15831800 (Berkeley, 1919)Google Scholar, and Parry, J. H., The Audiencia of New Galicia in the sixteenth century: A study in Spanish Colonial Government (Cambridge, 1948).Google Scholar, 11. . The missionaries only succeeded in converting a part of the people of the Philippines. An example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. against Ternate, in the Moluccas, in 1605, were Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de
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