Im one-dollar an hour, Willy! Willy poses this question to Howard Like Willy, Happy accepts lying as normal, even virtuous behavior, as long as it meets a need. . Nobody dast blame this man. Miller does not make any effort to flesh out any depth about her characterhe doesnt even give her a namebecause thats not necessary for the sake of the plays dynamics. He had a good dream. I'm gonna show you and everybody else that Willy Loman did not die in vain. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one: ). Renews March 11, 2023 After all the highways, and the trains, and the appointments, and the years, you end up worth more dead than alive. Today, it's all cut and dried, and there's no chance for bringing friendship to bear -- or personality . Below you will find the important quotes in Death of a Salesman related to the theme of Nature vs. City. (58), "You take it too hard. Act 1, Part 8, pg. love does not. Youre my foundation and my support, Linda, he tells her in the play. You finally own it, and there's nobody to live in it." Attention, attention must finally be paid to such a person., Pop, Im nothing! For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Willy did die in vain, and Happy cannot change that. The way the content is organized, LitCharts makes it easy to find quotes by Please wait while we process your payment. His name was never in the paper. 61, Quote 15: "[y]ou can't eat the orange and throw the peel away -- a man is not a piece of fruit!" obsession with being well liked. Now, however, Happy explains to Biff why he wants to stay at his job. (38), "God Almighty, he'll be great yet. This is why we provide the book compilations in this website. And the funny thing is that you're a salesman, and you don't know that." It plays the agonies of the moment of collapse against the pleasures and sorrows of recollected episodes. (30), "they know me up and down New EnglandAnd when I bring you fellas up, there'll be open sesame for all of us, 'cause one thing, boys: I have friends. I want them to know the kind of stock they spring from." All I remember is a man with a big beard, and I was in Mamma's lap, sitting . He worked for 40 years and has nothing to show for it. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Continue to start your free trial. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. SparkNotes PLUS She and Willy share a lewd sense of humor, and she clearly states that she picked him because of it. Act 1, Part 1, pg. Be liked and you will never want.. To devote your whole life to keeping stock, or making phone calls, or selling or buying. Free trial is available to new customers only. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Ace your assignments with our guide to Death of a Salesman! "To suffer fifty weeks of the year for the sake of a two-week vacation, when all you really desire is to be outdoors, with your shirt off. (44), "Why, boys, when I was seventeen I walked into the jungle, and I was twenty-one I walked out. Continue to start your free trial. When he discovers that he isn't vital anywhere, his worldview crumbles. Act 1, Part 2, pg. Ace your assignments with our guide to Death of a Salesman! Shipping clerk, salesman, business of one kind or another. Lindas words reveal that she sees through her husbands self-deceptions and does not really believe them. Linda is reproaching her sons, who have returned home after abandoning their father in a restaurant the night before. When she tells Biff about his fathers big news, Linda demonstrates that she shares Willys tendency toward false optimism. He one minute is driving just fine and the next he is speeding and driving off . . Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Weinbloom, Elizabeth ed. "Work a lifetime to pay off a house. 4 Quote 2: "I simply asked him if he was making any money. Twenty-five thousand a year." Happys ambitions echo those of his fatherthey both need to prove themselves to other people. There'd be the old honor, and comradeship" (64), "It's not what you say, it's how you say it-because personality always wins the day." (135), "I'll put you right through to the buyers." He never earned enough to save anything, and he didn't build, and he didn't grow, and now that his job is done he has nothing left. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Ben's final mantra of "The jungle is dark, but full of diamonds" in Act II turns Willy's suicide into a moral struggle and a matter of commerce. Act 1 Quotes Linda: Willy, darling, you're the handsomest man in the world Willy: Oh, no, Linda. [f]rom the age of seventeen nothing good ever happened to him." Mirrors his view of the American Dream = unfulfilling, unjust. (73), "a man can end with diamonds here on the basis of being liked. I don't say he's a great man. And then you get a couple of spots on your hat, and youre finished., Im one-dollar an hour, Willy! Smell the stink from that apartment house! Quotes Happy Loman I gotta show some of those pompous, self-important executives over there that Hap Loman can make the grade. Youll never get out of the jungle that way.. I have such thoughts, I have such strange thoughts. Do you gather my meaning? Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. (89), "A family businessthat's the best. Happy is foolish with money, money that he realistically doesn't have, he is like his father he loves material gods and things that make him look wealthy. Sometimes I sit in my apartment-all alone. on 50-99 accounts. Im one-dollar an hour, Willy! (95), "Who liked J.P. Morgan? In the person of Willy Loman, the aging, failing salesman who makes his living riding on a smile and a They don't know [him] any more." The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. Work a lifetime to pay off a house. A pal, you understand? (55), "This is no time for false pride, Willy. Dont have an account? (83), "We had a fist fight. We assign a color and icon like this one. Death of a Salesman and the American Dream, Read the Study Guide for Death of a Salesman, Shattered Dream - The Delusion of Willy Loman, Perceptions of Self Worth and Prominence: Spaces and Settings in Death of a Salesman, Death of A Salesman: Shifting of the American Dream, View the lesson plan for Death of a Salesman, View Wikipedia Entries for Death of a Salesman. You're disgusting." It's the only dream you can have - to come out number-one man. Linda might appear as a meek character at first. You can't eat the orange and throw the peel away - a man is not a piece of fruit. (98), "But the funeral-Ben , that funeral will be massive!that boy will be thunderstruck, Ben because he nver realized-I am known!" 18, Quote 5: "the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates a personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. rough and hard to the . You are the saddest, self-centeredest soul I ever did see-saw." Happys denial of his father is an extreme act of betrayal, given biblical proportions by echoing Peters denial of Jesus. Biffs job interview has gone nowhere, and Happy is advising Biff about the best way to break this bad news to their father. He's a man way out there in the blue, riding on a smile and a shoeshine A salesman is got to dream, boy. Happys enthusiasm is intended to motivate Biff and cheer up Willy, and Happys false optimism is so convincing that Willy eagerly gets caught up in the hype. I'm vital in New England. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Luckily, FreeBookSummary offers study guides on over 1000 top books from students curricula! A conflict between Linda and Ben is apparent in these lines, as he is trying to convince Willy to go into business with him (he bought timberland in Alaska and he needs someone to look after things for him). They broke the mould when they made her. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. . When I was seventeen I walked into the jungle, and when I was twenty-one I walked out. Act 1. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Death of a Salesman 16 I don't know what the hell I'm workin' for. I tried seven states and couldnt raise it. When a deposit bottle is broken, you don't get your nickel back." Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey -- I am known, Ben, and he'll see it with his eyes once and for all." Im the New England man. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. 1001 Clay Ave. Tyrone, PA 16686. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! Yet, in their affair, she is able to tease William with unpleasant truths about himself. It's a measly manner of existence. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. He envisions Singleman as a happy man but ignores on 50-99 accounts. (126), "Can you imagine that magnificence with twenty thousand dollars in his pocket?" All the old-timers with the strange license plates -- that boy will be thunderstruck, Ben, because he never realized -- I am known! $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% To suffer fifty weeks of the year for the sake of a two-week vacation, when all you really desire is to be outdoors, with your shirt off. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! (82), "You can't eat the orange and throw the peel away a man is not a piece of fruit!" Yet, throughout the play, she delivers speeches that define Willy beyond his shortcomings as a salesman and give him stature. (one code per order). Contact Us; Act 2, Part 7, pg. Im thirty-four years old, I oughta be Death of a Salesman study guide contains a biography of Arthur Miller, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. and love him as the ultimate satisfaction, because such warmth And then you get a couple of spots on your hat, and you're finished. on 50-99 accounts. Why am I trying to become what I dont want to be when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am., The jungle is dark but full of diamonds, Willy., I realized what a ridiculous lie my whole life has been., A small man can be just as exhausted as a great man., You cant eat the orange and throw the peel away a man is not a piece of fruit., I stopped in the middle of that building and I saw the sky. I made the last payment on the house today. In context, Willy proves that a likable personality does not insure success. A hard-working, unappreciated prince." And stillthat's how you build a future.". Because hes only a little boat looking for a harbor. No one has time to read them all, but its important to go over them at least briefly. This is a principal refrain for Ben. This leads to his obsession with seeds late in the play - it is too late to grow anything for his sons, but at least he can plant some vegetables, something that will outlast him and provide some use. A buck an hour! He fought it out here, and this is where I'm gonna win it for him. Willie Loman never made a lot of money. Happy is speaking to one of the girls he and Biff have picked up in the restaurant. for a group? To devote your whole life to keeping stock, or making phone calls, or selling or buying. You'll also receive an email with the link. creating and saving your own notes as you read. and theme. Act 2, Part 4, pg. Act 2, Part 7, pg. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. his own human side. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one: ). And the buyers I brought, and the cheers when he came out - Loman, Loman, Loman! Act 1, Part 8, pg. Teachers and parents! Most people are liked by their friends and acquaintances. Willy latches onto this appealing idea, relieved to be able finally to prove himself a success in business. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Death of a Salesman Quotes Showing 1-30 of 72 "Why am I trying to become what I don't want to be when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am." Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman 319 likes Like "The jungle is dark but full of diamonds, Willy." Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman 181 likes Like And always to have to get ahead of the next fella. In another timeswitch, he challenges Biff to a fight and uses unfair methods to defeat himhe laughs it off, claiming to be teaching Biff "never to fight fair with a stranger." Attention, attention must finally be paid to such a person. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. He's not to be allowed to fall in his grave like an old dog. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Im nothing, Pop. But he's a human being, and a terrible thing is happening to him. He's not the finest character that ever lived. Generally speaking, it is the idea that each citizen should. The former is full of talk and time payments and courts of law, while the latter just requires you to screw on your fists and you can fight for a fortune. Ben looks down on his brother, whose career as a salesman resulted in him building nothing tangible. (116), "The only thing you got in this world is what you can sell. But Willy's appeal is not for some abstraction of attention or dignity. And he gave me one look and - I realized what a ridiculous lie my whole life has been! Variations of the line When I was seventeen, I walked into the jungle, and when I was twenty-one recur throughout the play. 61-2, Quote 16: "his life ended after that Ebbets Field game. Create a list of books you want then share it with family and friends. I don't know what the hell I'm workin' for. Even though she acknowledges that Willy makes mountains out of molehills, she is always prone to lifting him up, saying things like you dont talk too much, youre just lively. Youre the handsomest man in the world [] few men are idolized by their children the way you are. To the children, she says Hes the dearest man in the world to me, and I wont have anyone making him feel unwanted and low and blue. Despite the bleakness of his life, Willy Loman himself recognizes the devotion of Linda. So attention must be paid. | "Death of a Salesman Quotes and Analysis". Her plea reveals a great deal about Lindas character. Explore books by genre, topic, reading level, or series to find your next read. (51), "Because I know he's a fake and he doesn't like anybody around who knows!" In so highly esteeming Singleman and deeming his Sample A+ Essay: Willy Loman's Constant Reminiscing and Thinking of the Past, Arthur Miller and Death of a Salesman Background. He died the death of a salesman, in his green velvet slippers. What are you building? Free trial is available to new customers only. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Biff has already rushed out, unable even to look at his father. Get personalized recommendations. These quotes, selected from Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, highlight what pleases Willy as a worker and as a mantales of wondrous riches, his sense of humor being recognizedand how he is perceived by the characters who feel affection towards him despite his shortcomings. I couldn't make it. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Remember how he waved to me? Their parents, Willy and Linda, are also part of the conversation. (48), "Never fight fair with a stranger, boy. She clearly believes Willy will get the job that she urged him to ask for, and she persists in believing that Biff can be sweet and loving toward Willy, if only she can get Biff to pity his father. when he died - and by the way he died the death of a salesman, in his green velvet slippers in the smoker of the New York, New Haven and Hartford, going into Boston - when he died, hundreds of salesmen and buyers were at his funeral. Wed love to have you back! In general, Linda disapproves of Ben and his ways. Im a dime a dozen, and so are you, Im gonna show you and everybody else that Willy Loman did not die in vain. . I've got to get some seeds, right away. I don't have a thing in the ground. This question calls for your opinion. (54), "The street is lined with cars. Be liked and you will never want." (Willy, Act 1) Pop, I'm nothing! Ive got to get some seeds, right away. Entire Document, Chronicle of a Death Foretold Quotes with Page Number, Death Comes for the Archbishop Quotes with Page Number, Death on the Nile: Important quotes with page numbers, The Death Cure: Important quotes with page. abandoned Willy is bemoaning the worthlessness of all his years of work. He made flutes and was a great and very wild-hearted man, who would move his family all over the country, from Boston all the way to the westernmost towns. But then, its what I always wanted. She is hurt and angry, not only at Biff and Happys current behavior but at their lifetime of taking her for granted. You know, the trouble is, Linda, people don't seem to take to me." ThoughtCo, Jan. 29, 2020, thoughtco.com/death-of-a-salesman-quotes-4588258. In a Turkish bath he'd look like a butcher. None a them starve. . To suffer fifty weeks of the year for the sake of a two-week vacation, when all you really desire is to be outdoors, with your shirt off. I'm vital in New England." (Willy, Act 1) "He's liked, but he's not well liked." (Biff, Act 1) "The man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. consequent pressures and misery as Willy. Contact us | Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Angelica Frey holds an M.A. Although "Death of a Salesman" is set in the present, it also finds time and space to include the past. 11, Quote 4: "probably congratulate [Biff] on [his] initiative" Act 1, Part 3, pg. Follow the instructions below to write a sentence for this item using a word from the vocabulary list from the earlier discussion. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Act 2, Part 5, pg. Ben inherited the adventurous and entrepreneurial spirit of his father, while Willy is a failed salesman. Why am I trying to become what I dont want to be when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am. Charley: He won't starve. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Linda represses her own personality and opinions by admiring and supporting her husband despite all his faults. SparkNotes PLUS "(86), "They'll be calling him another Red Grange. To get on that subway on the hot, mornings in summer. These important quotes from Death of a Salesman with page numbers put the play's themes on display. Death of a Salesman Arthur Miller 1998-05-01 The Pulitzer Prize-winning tragedy of a salesman's deferred American dream Ever since it was first performed in 1949, Death of a Salesman has been recognized as a milestone of the American theater. [young Biff and Happy appear.] Then I'll go with you, Biff. to become a salesman after meeting Dave Singleman, the mythic salesman board with our, See Frey, Angelica. He is arguing directly to his employer that there must be responsibility taken for employees. Act 2, Part 2, pg. might likely have experienced the same financial difficulties and (114), "Why am I trying to become what I don't want to be?What am I doing in an office, making a contemptuous, begging fool of myself, when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am!" and Citation Cite + Page Number and Citation: 112 Cite this Quote Explanation and Analysis: Unlock with LitCharts A + Previous Abandonment and Betrayal Next Characters Cite This Page And wed stop in the towns and sell the flutes that hed made on the way, Ben said. You know how honest I am, but it's like this girl, see. Please tell about Dad. I'm the New England man. Act 2, Part 4, pg. The Death of a Salesman quotes below are all either spoken by Ben Loman or refer to Ben Loman. Wed love to have you back! I tried seven states and couldnt raise it. He's not the finest character that ever lived. creating and saving your own notes as you read. He believes himself to be vital to the company, but in reality it's the company that's vital to him and his feelings of self worth. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Do you know? Linda shares with her sons Biff and Happy her fears that their father Willy is contemplating suicide. Free trial is available to new customers only. While her presence precipitated the rift in Willys and Biffs relationship, as it exposed him as a phony, she is no rival to Linda. "Gee, you are self-centred! $24.99 I've always made a point of not wasting my life, and every time I come back here I know that all I've done is to waste my life. Both ethnology and __________ deal with the origin and races of humankind. Arthur Miller, quote from Death of a Salesman. He isn't the man who does sales for New England - he's the New England man. Sometimes it can end up there. What am I doing in an office, making a contemptuous, begging fool of myself, when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am!" You'll be billed after your free trial ends. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. This monologue showcases Lindas strength and devotion to Willy and her family, while summarizing the downward trajectory in his career. All of Willy's feelings of self-worth and identity come from doing better than the next guy, and to realize that he is no different than anyone else would be to realize that his life was false. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% He's not the finest character that ever lived. The roof-line of the house is one-dimensional; under and over it we see To succeed in business or in life, one needs only to have a likable personality? He fought it out here, and this is where I'm gonna win it for him." Arthur Miller author Death of a Salesman book Willy Lowman Happy Lowman characters dreams concept 04 Share You can view our. Ross, Jeremy. His name was never in the paper. pleased. I'm gonna show you and everybody else that Willy Loman did not die in vain. "Death of salesman" by arthur miller(1949). The Question and Answer section for Death of a Salesman is a great Want 100 or more? Dont have an account? 103, Quote 25: "[w]e never told the truth for ten minutes in this house." Its the only dream you can have- to come out number-one man., Hes just a big stupid man to you, but I tell you theres more good in him than in may other people., Hes a man way out there in the blue, riding on a smile and a shoeshine. I've got to get some seeds. This is Biff coming to terms with the fact that his father's illusions of success for him were truly just illusions and nothing more. for a customized plan. A salesman is got to dream boy, it comes with the territory., Willy Loman: I dont want change, I want Swiss cheese!, I am not a dime a dozen! Need analysis for a quote we don't cover? I'm vital in New England." Act 1, Part 1, pg. Happy, who has lived with Willy far longer than Biff has, knows how to predict and handle Willys reactions. And I think of the rent I'm paying. 4, Quote 2: "I simply asked him if he was making any money. Writing About Literature: Ten Sample Topics for Comparison & Contrast Essays, Character and Setting Analysis of August Wilson's Play: "Fences", Favorite Quotes From Faulkner's "As I Lay Dying", M.A., Classics, Catholic University of Milan, B.A., Classics, Catholic University of Milan. The competition is maddening! You can view our. American Dream. I don't have a thing in the ground. Earn weekly rewards. (98), "The jungle is dark but full of diamonds, Willy." Act 1 Quotes The man knew what he wanted and went out and got it! Subscribe now. Thats whats ruining this country! Be liked and you will never want." (27), "Someday I'll have my own businessBigger than Uncle Charley! (73), "All the cement, the lumber, the reconstruction I put in this house! LitCharts Teacher Editions. The American Dream in 'Death of a Salesman', Character Analysis: Willy Loman From 'Death of a Salesman', 'Death of a Salesman' Character Analysis of Linda Loman, Famous Quotes from 'Death of a Salesman' by Arthur Miller, A Critical Review of 'Death of a Salesman', Complete List of Nicholas Sparks Books by Year. And the one on the other side, After all the highways, and the trains, and the appointments, and the years, you end up worth more dead than alive., Never fight fair with a stranger, boy. He's not to be allowed to fall in his grave like an old dog. Nothing's planted. Sometimes I sit in my apartmentall alone. I never have to wait in line to see a buyer. He's not to be allowed to fall into his grave like an old dog. Continue to start your free trial. Refine any search. I am Willy Loman, and you are Biff Loman! Quote 1: "They don't need me in New York. And when they start not smiling back-thats an earthquake. (30), "Please tell about Dad. But hes a human being, and a terrible thing is happening to him. "'Death of a Salesman' Quotes." Purchasing With one gadget he made more in a week than a man like you could make in a lifetime.. The average student has to read dozens of books per year. Wagner in Act II, in Howards office. He and his sons must be special. The Death of a Salesman quotes below are all either spoken by Willy Loman or refer to Willy Loman. I've got to get some seeds, right away. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. Linda's and Charleys monologues on Willy fully and sympathetically show how tragic the character is: Charley utters this monologue during Willys funeral, where nobody but Willys family, himself, and his son Bernard show up. A diamond is hard and rough to the touch. Struggling with distance learning? Renews March 11, 2023 Forget about him.Willy: Then what have I got to remember? "to suffer" "devote your whole life". I am Willy Loman, and you are Biff Loman! He had a good dream. Manufacturers offer me a hundred-dollar bill now and then to throw an order their way. Its contacts. And while Ben can find diamonds in a dark jungle, Willy claims that a man can end with diamondshere on the basis of being liked., The character of Ben is interesting also because he sheds light on his and Willys father. The story of how Willys brother Ben became rich with his travels to Alaska and the jungle almost became a legend to Willy. 20 of the best book quotes from Death of a Salesman, Why am I trying to become what I dont want to be? (82), "I'd stopped in the middle of that buidling and I saw-the sky." Gotta break your neck to see a star in this yard. Death of a salesman number of pages. You were never anything but a hard-working drummer who landed in the ash can like the rest of them! What happened in Boston, Willy?" So attention must be paid. To suffer fifty weeks a year for the sake of a two-week vacation, when all you really desire is to be outdoors, with your shirt off. Act 2, Part 7, pg. The finest people. "I'm gonna show you and everybody else that Willy Loman did not die in vain. Never fight fair with a stranger, boy. GradeSaver, 6 June 2009 Web. Death of a Salesman (1985 TV Movie) John Malkovich: Biff Loman Showing all 15 items Jump to: Photos (1) Quotes (14) Photos Quotes Biff Loman : I run out of that building and I see. I dont have a thing in the ground., I dont know what the hell Im workin for. I realized what a ridiculous lie my whole life has been. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. She defends him as a worker, as a father, and, during Willys funeral service, she expresses disbelief at her husbands suicide. When he'd come home from a trip; or on Sundays, making the stoop; finishing the cellar; putting on the new porch You know something, Charley, there's more of him in that front stoop than in all the sales he ever made. for a customized plan. As opposed to the fruitless, emotionally ruinous meetings that Willy has had with Howard Wagner and Charley, his death, Ben suggests, will actually yield something concrete for Willy and his family. Im not bringing home any prizes anymore and youre going to stop waiting for me to bring them home!, Willy, whenre you gonna realize that them things dont mean anything. Willy Loman never made a lot of money. And still-that's how you build a future. (31), "A man is not a bird, to come and go with the springtime." Forget about him.Willy: Then what have I got to remember?, What a woman! What am I doing in an office, making a contemptuous, begging fool of myself, when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am!, Pop! Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. The only thing you got in this world is what you can sell. This is Willy's articulation of Linda's "attention must be paid" speech. Cause what could be more satisfying than to be able to go, at the age of eighty-four, into twenty or thirty different cities, and pick up a phone, and be remembered and loved and helped by so many different people?, Hes a man way out there in the blue, riding on a smile and a shoeshine .