Some terms may not be used. The Panopticon was designed to allow prison staff to observe inside each______. Find state Departments of Corrections for information about state and local prisons and prisoners held in these facilities. [4] The demographics of community corrections closely mirrors that of jail and prison settings, with disproportionate representation of poor, disadvantaged, and racial and ethnic minorities. "America is the land of the second chance and when the gates of the prison open, the path ahead should lead to a better life", was said by_______________. your answer. BJS collects data on the administration and operation of both types of facilities. A person appointed by the juvenile court to serve as a special guardian for the youth being processed through thejuvenile justice system is called a? Having the inmate talk to a provider, a nurse, or a counselor at the follow-up clinic may help with concrete linkage to services. Automatically remove your image background. Which of the following statements regarding prison subcultures is true? The historical policy of American courts not intervening in the affairs of prison management was called? The normal patterns of behavior expected of those holding particular social positions are called__________. Answer: Corrections officers are primarily concerned with custody and control. Which of the following statements is true about a high percentage of lawsuits filed by inmates? [7] The relatively high HIV seropositivity rates among incarcerated women has been associated with higher rates of specific HIV risk factors, including past sexual abuse, exchange of sex for drugs or money, multiple sex partners, low rates of condom use, and injection drug use. The mistreatment of Iraqi prisoners occurred at _________. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. A Latin term that refers to the state as guardian of minors and incompetent people is called? __ A case that involves one person who has a dispute with another person or entity. According to the text, for punishment to be effective as a deterrent it must be________,_________, and_______. In the case of In re Gault, Gerald Gault was charged with? [1], At any point in time, about twice as many persons are incarcerated in prisons in the United States than in jails (Figure 1), but over the course of a year the number of individuals incarcerated in the jail system far exceeds those incarcerated in prisons (Figure 2); this difference over a year results from the low turnover rates in prisons (longer stays and infrequent releases) versus high turnover rates in jails (shorter stays and frequent releases). Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? Totality-of-conditions rulings have been handed down against prison systems in three states. The recidivism rate in the United States is ______. [ 1] Let Quiz 3/Business - Business Communications, Criminal Justice - Crime Violence and Schools QuixDoc 2, Quiz Facts 8. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert identified four general ways in which correctional officers respond to their jobs. Diversion has its roots in ________theory. Some crimes are classified as felonies in one part of the country and as misdemeanors in another part of the country. You seem to have a popup blocker enabled. The functions are and. Penitentiaries are relatively modern social institutions and their development is distinctly American. Some officers become intrusive and pry into the personal lives of inmates. The Auburn system was also known as the __________. Option B is correct. The other major goal of probation and parole . These cases typically involve police officers, jailers, correctional officers, probation officers, prosecutors, judges, and other federal, state, or local law enforcement officials. Branding as a punishment for a crime was never practiced in the American colonies. [7], The higher prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) within correctional facilities can partially be explained by the high percentage of inmates with a history of injection drug use. A committment to a set of agreed-upon values aimed at the improvement of the organization while maintaining the highest standards of excellence is called? [11] For many inmates, the greater ability to achieve viral suppression in prison is likely influenced by access to HIV care and mental health services, a structured daily routine, and decreased use of alcohol and illicit drugs. Which of the following is a supervision strategy that uses electronic technology to track offenders who have been sentenced to house arrest, or who have been ordered to limit their movements while completing a sentence involving probation or parole? [6]In the United States, from2008 through 2018, therewas an 8.6% decline in the total number of persons in prison and an 21.5% decrease in Black individuals who were in prison. At times, obtaining a release of information from a patient to discuss their care with the community corrections officer or parole officer is an important step in coordinating medical care. Officers enforce regulations through effective communication and the use of progressive sanctions, which involve punishments, such as loss of privileges. [26,69] Individuals taking antiretroviral therapy at the time of discharge should receive an adequate supply of antiretroviral medication as a bridge from jail or prison release to an appointment with a community provider. [9,22,23] A large meta-analysis estimated the incidence of transmission of viral infections within prisons and found rates of 0.08 per 100 person-years with HIV. Since individuals often engage in activities that may increase risk for HIV acquisition following release from the correctional setting, secondary prevention is a critical component of transitional care planning. The region of the country with the highest number of parolees is the ___________. Robert-Francois Damiens was sentenced to be quartered publicly in Paris for attempting to kill? [52]In the past, some correctional administrators and officials thought placing all inmates known to have HIV together in special unitsand in some cases identifying them by an armband or special clothingwould reduce HIV transmission to both staff and other inmates. Assume the male role in a homosexual relationship. The earliest date on which an inmate might be paroled is called his _____________. When an officer is using "persuasive diplomacy" it is called ___________. Incarcerated individuals who exhibit unique physical, mental, social and progammatic needs that distinguish them from other prisoners are called? As noted earlier, other non-HIV-related chronic medical conditions may also complicate care. ______________ of isolation and silence became popular in Europe. Overcrowding, one of the most pressing problems, has created the dilemma of? If a prosecutor drops charges after filing them, it is called? Assume that the Portland Trail Blazers center makes 58%58\%58% of his free-throw shots. [7] Since the state prison population is much larger than the federal prison population, it is not surprising the number of state prisoners with HIV far outnumbers the number in federal prison (Figure 9). [67] Programs that enhance linkage and entry into HIV care are crucial. True or False? In 2006 the State of __________ had the highest incidence of AIDS related deaths in its prison population? The case of__________supported the use of the death penalty if the State used guided discretionary capital statutes. Inmates skilled in legal matters are known as ________. Unfortunately, this practice limits inmates with HIV from transferring to facilities that may have unique work or school programs, and may result in persons with HIV being imprisoned far from visitors, thereby limiting or preventing visitations. Contact your local or state health department for assistance with locating providers who are willing to accept uninsured persons. Sentences that are served together are called? They are judged frivolous and are lost in the trial stage. Entering the ________ of a prison means finding in the diverse environment of the institution a niche that will accommodate an inmate's unique combination of needs. Those officers who supervise inmates in the prison athletic areas or recreational areas are called ___________. C. Some officers become overly authoritarian and confrontational. answer choices Home confinement Bureau of Justice Statistics: Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. In 1840, British Navy Captain ____________ was appointed superintendent of Norfolk Island. Most inmates with HIV will qualify for free or low-cost medical treatment at clinics federally funded through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Modernization Act of 2006. At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were white. A penal institution to which especially young or first-time offenders are committed for training and reformation is called? The period of Western social thought that began in the 17th century and lasted until the dawn of the 19th century is known as? This is called _________. This is called__________. Added 11/4/2021 7:21:03 PM. a) They have considerable discretion in discharing their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. b) They represent a minor percentage of staff members in a prison. -New offenders are socialized into the prison subculture through a process known as prisonization. What items most often assumes the symbolic value of money in the sub-rosa economy of a prison? According to your authors, the Three-State Recidivism Study concluded? Values such as supportiveness, teamwork, perseverance, empathy, and caring enable officers to cope with post-traumatic stress; they are part of team of colleagues who care for their coworkers. Cognitive Psychology - Memory. The equal-protection clause under the ________ Amendment has led the Supreme Court to forbid racial discrimination and has led state courts to target gender discrimination. Some inmates with newly diagnosed HIV may require outside expert medical consultation. From 1775 through 1856, English offenders were sent to _________ as punishment for crimes. They can replace any officer who is absent. Which of the following statements is true about the Pennsylvania system of confinement? In adult court the offender is convicted; in juvenile court the offender is? Many of the barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within prison are similar to those outside the correctional system. The first reformatory to implement an extensive parole program was ___________. After the American Revolution, England sent its prisoners to Scotland. answer choices. An adult offender receives a verdict; a juvenile offender receives a? You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. In the past, sellers had more power than buyers, but now buyers have more power than sellers. Buyers cannot move . If appointments cannot be made in advance, make walk-in arrangements with clinical providers. As a rule, statements including these words have less of a chance of being correct. True or False? Since you've received 80% or better on this quiz, you may claim continuing education credit. For more than 200 years, England practiced a form of criminal exile known as transportation. If possible, allow the community care provider to visit the inmate before release. The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time and represent persons with diagnosed HIV. A jail where inmates are housed in small groups or pods, staffed 24 hours a day by specially trained officers who interact with the inmates is called a Second-Generation Jail. In a study of CDC-funded HIV tests conducted in adult correctional facilities the percentage of persons newly diagnosed with HIV who were linked to HIV medical care within 90 days improved from 37.8% in 2009 to 67.5% in 2013 (Figure 14).[38]. order, punishment, security, or rehabilitation. Barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within the correctional setting include high rates of substance use and mental health disorders, lack of continuity of medical care, distrust of prison-based medical care, and concerns about confidentiality and safety. [41] In a small exploratory study of 42 men and transgender women with HIV who were recently released from correctional centers in Illinois, only about one-half of the men said they reported their HIV status at jail or prison entry and some study participants only disclosed their HIV status to the correctional officers when their health deteriorated. The support received from other officers is the result of shared values within the culture. [64,65] Developing new models of prison healthcare, such as telemedicine, that can effectively deliver best-practice HIV medicine to inmates living with HIV, is crucial to ensuring the constitutionally protected right of prisoners to adequate healthcare. a. Each probation officer is given the following job description: Meeting and interviewing offenders and their relatives to evaluate and monitor their progress Recommending treatments, rehabilitation . Until the middle of the twentieth century, courts followed a(n) ________ philosophy toward prison matters. Am J Public Health. [16] In addition, when compared with men, incarcerated women have higher rates of unemployment (45.8% versus 26.7%), homelessness (17.4% versus 12.1%), and psychiatric comorbidities (43.6% versus 21.6%). Suicide is a threat to all persons involved in corrections. The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time during that year. Some correctional systems have arranged partnerships to allow processing of Social Security Administration (SSA) and Medicare applications before release, as recommended by the SSA and the Centers for Medicare and Medical Services. The first written laws of Rome were called? The officers can help provide guidance, support, and program opportunities to persons in the community correctional system while helping them remain accountable to their imposed conditions as they transition back into the community. Members shall respect and protect the civil and legal rights of all individuals. The Check-on-Learning Questions are short and topic related. Which of the following statements is true? Provide the inmate with a copy of the relevant medical record or clinical summary free of charge. [12] The same meta-analysis noted above in the Georgia state prison system also reported an intra-prison HCV transmission rate of 0.75 per 100 person-years, which was significantly higher than the intra-prison HIV rate. Correctional officers dispense both formal and informal sanctions to induce cooperation among inmates. A previous judicial decision that judges should consider in deciding future cases is called? HIV-positive inmates working in the kitchen. Cognitive Psychology Overview of Theory. (2) Words such as SOMETIMES, MAY, GENERALLY, and POSSIBLY soften a statement and leave more room for the statement to be correct. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert observe that the work of correctional officers is characterized by both ________. Question: Which of the following statements is true? B. Which of the following is NOT one of them? The first juvenile court established in 1899 in? Pretrial officers utilize discretion in making pretrial release decisions. The estimated national cost per year to confine an inmate over 55 years old is? The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called? The nation's best-known prison hospice program is the one at? [76] Inadequate data exist regarding HIV prevalence in community corrections and HIV testing rates are low in this setting. The rates of inmate suicide are far higher than the national averages, and even higher still for special populations (including juvenile and LGBTI inmates), even corrections officers have a much greater occupational suicide rate. Which of the following statements is true? Inmates should mind their own affairs and do their own time., Inmates should not inform the prison staff about the illicit activities of other prisoners., Inmates should be indifferent to the prison staff and loyal to other convicts., or Inmates should follow the prison rules and not cause trouble. Cultural restrictions on behavior that forbid serious violations of group's values---such as murder, rape and robbery are called? At year-end 2014, 1 in _____ adults in the United States was under community supervision. Serious crime in the United States continues to go down but the prison poplation continues to go up. Punishment options for initial sentences more restrictive than traditional probation but less restrictive than jail or prisons are called? They are meant to help you stay on track throughout each lesson and check your understanding of key concepts.